Natural variation refers to changes in genetic traits that occur within a population due to random mutations and recombination events during reproduction. These variations can be small or large, but they are essential for evolution as they provide the raw material upon which natural selection acts. Natural variation is an important concept because it allows populations to adapt to changing environments by providing genetic differences that can be passed on to future generations. Without natural variation, species would not be able to evolve and adapt to new challenges, ultimately leading to their extinction.